3 minute read

Cerebral Palsy

Glossary



  • When a person becomes affected by cerebral palsy after birth.
  • Immune cells, produced by the body, which fight infections.
  • Least common form of cerebral palsy where muscle tone is too low or too loose.
  • Form of cerebral palsy where muscle tone is mixed—sometimes too high and sometimes too low.
  • When a baby is delivered buttocks or feet first, instead of head first.
  • The overall name given to a group of disorders, caused by an injury to the brain, that affects the way the muscles in the body move.
  • A tool used by a person with cerebral palsy who has speech difficulties to talk with others.
  • A specialized test that uses X rays and a computer to create a picture of the inside of the brain.
  • When the disorder or disorders associated with cerebral palsy are present at birth.
  • When muscles become stiff and fixed in odd positions.
  • When a child is slow to reach specific skills and behaviors that are considered normal to have at certain ages.
  • When cerebral palsy affects either both arms or both legs.
  • A speech problem associated with cerebral palsy.
  • A specialized test that records brain activity, given when a doctor suspects a seizure disorder.
  • The condition of having seizures happen over and over without there being a specific reason, such as a high fever.
  • A general term doctors use to describe children who seem to fall behind in growth and development.
  • A developing baby still in the mother's womb.
  • When cerebral palsy affects only one side of the body, such as just the right arm and leg or just the left arm and leg.
  • A condition that can damage brain tissue, caused by a build-up of bile pigments in the blood.
  • Difficulty processing certain kinds of information in a person with normal intelligence; a form of mental impairment associated with cerebral palsy.
  • The disorder, which is now known as spastic diplegia, named for the English surgeon William Little who first wrote about it.
  • Weighing 5.5 pounds or less at birth.
  • A specialized test that creates an image of the brain using magnetic fields and radio waves.
  • When cerebral palsy affects only one limb.
  • An automatic gesture or reflex that a baby makes with its arms (and which looks like a hug) when a doctor places it on its back with the legs raised above the head.
  • Those parts of the brain that control movement and posture.
  • A doctor who delivers babies.
  • A therapist who helps individuals improve the development of their small muscle movement (face, hands, feet, fingers, toes).
  • An eye doctor.
  • A doctor who specializes in treating the bones, muscles, tendons, and other parts of the body's skeletal system.
  • An ear doctor.
  • A doctor who treats children.
  • A doctor who specializes in brain disorders in children.
  • A treatment for jaundice that uses special blue lights to break down bile pigments in the blood before they build up and damage brain cells.
  • A therapist who creates special exercise programs to improve a patient's movement and strength in the large muscles of the body (arms, legs, torso).
  • Babies born early (before 37 weeks’ time).
  • When cerebral palsy affects all limbs on both sides of the body
  • A blood condition where the mother's body produces immune cells (antibodies) that destroy the fetus's blood cells.
  • Another name for German measles, which is caused by a virus that can infect pregnant women.
  • A sudden attack brought on by a series of abnormal electrical messages in the brain being sent out very close together.
  • When muscles in the body are very tight and stiff.
  • A disorder, associated with cerebral palsy, where the eyes do not line up and focus properly because of differences between the left and right eye muscles.
  • An injury to the brain caused by internal bleeding.
  • When cerebral palsy affects three limbs.
  • A specialized test that creates an image of the brain using sound waves.
  • A severe brain infection that can cause acquired cerebral palsy.

Additional topics

Science EncyclopediaCerebral Palsy