Hemorrhagic Fevers and Diseases - Viral Types And Characteristics, Ebola And Other Hemorrhagic Diseases, Vaccine And Treatment
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Hemorrhagic diseases are caused by infection with certain viruses or bacteria. Viruses cause virtually all the hemorrhagic diseases of microbiological origin that arise with any frequency. The various viral diseases are also known as viral hemorrhagic fevers. Bacterial hemorrhagic disease does occur, but rarely. One example of a bacterial hemorrhagic disease is scrub typhus.
Copious bleeding is the hallmark of a hemorrhagic disease. The onset of a hemorrhagic fever or disease can produce mild symptoms that clear up quickly. However, most hemorrhagic diseases are infamous because of the speed that some infections take hold, and the ferocity of their symptoms. Such hemorrhagic maladies, such as Ebola, have high mortality rates.
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Four main groups of viruses exist that cause hemorrhagic disease or fever: arenaviruses, filoviruses, bunyaviruses, and flaviviruses. Arenaviruses cause Argentine hemorrhagic fever, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, Sabia-associated hemorrhagic fever, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever, and Lassa fever. Members of the filovirus group cause Ebola hemorrhagic fever and Marburg hemo…
The best-studied hemorrhagic fever is Ebola. The Ebola virus is named after a river located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where the virus was discovered in 1976. This outbreak occurred in the western part of the African nation of Sudan and in nearby Zaire. In 1979, another outbreak occurred in Zaire. In 1995, an outbreak that involved 316 people occurred in Kikwit, Zaire. Outbreaks have…
As of 2003, the only licensed vaccine for a hemorrhagic fever is that available for yellow fever. The vaccine consists of live virus particles that have been modified so as not to be capable of growth or of causing an infection. The virus is capable of stimulating the immune system to produce antiviral antibodies. The vaccine must be taken by those who are traveling to areas of the world where yel…
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