African and Black Orientalism
Conclusion
Based on the foregoing analysis, one can see that Orientalism, as it applies to Blacks and Africa, describes realities that are not necessarily in consonance with Edward Said's original use of the term. In Said's usage, Orientalism is place-bound. It refers to scholarship on the Muslim orient. George Lang, Sherman Jackson, and other scholars have focused on the central targets of Orientalist discourse—Arabs, Islam, and Muslims—regardless of the geographical location.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bangura, Ahmed. Islam and the West African Novel: The Politics of Representation. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner, 2000.
Harrison, Christopher. France and Islam in West Africa, 1860–1960. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Jackson, Sherman. "Black Orientalism: Its Genesis, Aims and Significance for American Islam." In Muslims in the United States, edited by Philippa Strum and Danielle Tarantolo. Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars, 2003.
Lang, George. "Through a Prism Darkly: 'Orientalism' in European-Language African Writing." In Faces of Islam in African Literature, edited by Kenneth Harrow, 299–311. London and Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann, 1991.
Makward, Edris. "Women, Tradition and Religion in Sembène Ousmane's Work." In Faces of Islam in African Literature, edited by Kenneth Harrow. London and Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann, 1991.
Mazrui, Alie. "Black Orientalism." West African Review 1, no. 2 (2000).
——. "The Dual Memory: Genetic and Factual." Transition 57 (1992): 134–146.
——. "Wole Soyinka as a Television Critic: A Parable of Deception." Transition 54 (1991): 165–177.
Rouse, Carolyn. Engaged Surrender: African American Women and Islam. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004.
Soyinka, Wole. "Footnote to a Satanic Trilogy." Transition 57 (1992): 148–149.
——. "Religion and Human Rights." Index on Censorship 17, no. 5 (1988): 82–85.
——. "Triple Tropes of Trickery." Transition 54 (1991): 178–183.
Ahmed S. Bangura
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