Falsifiability

Cartwright, Nancy. The Dappled World: A Study of the Boundaries of Science. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Lakatos, Imre, and Alan Musgrave, eds. Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1970.

Laudan, Larry. Beyond Positivism and Relativism: Theory, Method, and Evidence. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1996.

Popper, Karl. Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge. New York: Basic Books, 1962.

——. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. New York: Basic Books, 1959. Popper's expanded translation of his Logik der Forschung, 1934.

Quine, Willard Van Orman. "Two Dogmas of Empiricism." Reprinted in his From a Logical Point of View: Logico-Philosophical Essays. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1953, pp. 20–46.

Sober, Elliott. "Testability." Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 73 (1999): 47–76.

Worrall, John. "Falsification, Rationality, and the Duhem Problem." In Philosophical Problems of the Internal and External Worlds, edited by John Earman et al., 329–370. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1993.