Autism

As theories about the cause of autism have changed so have approaches to teaching autistic individuals. Individuals with autism were once considered unteachable and were often institutionalized. Experts currently recommend early education for autistic individuals using approaches geared specifically for them. Those who cannot speak may learn sign language. Often some form of behavioral modification is suggested including offering positive reinforcement for good behavior.

Given the need for organization and repetitive behavior among autistic people, many experts suggest a structured environment with a clearly defined schedule. Some experts advocate special schools for autistic children while others recommend including them in a general school program with appropriate help.

Controversy exists concerning the best way to teach and communicate with autistic children who do not speak. In the 1980s some parents and educators claimed great success using so-called facilitated communication. This technique involves the use of a keyboard or letter board and a facilitator to help the autistic individual use the device. Some have said the device allows autistic individuals to break through the barriers of communication. Others have criticized facilitated communication as a contrived and false method of communication. The technique remains controversial.

With no cure and no prenatal test for autism, there is no prospect of eliminating this condition in the near future. Continued educational research concerning the best way to teach autistic children and continued scientific research concerning possible treatments for autism are the greatest hope for dealing with the effects of this profound developmental problem.