Probability Theory

Probability theory is a branch of mathematics concerned with determining the long run frequency or chance that a given event will occur. This chance is determined by dividing the number of selected events by the number of total events possible. For example, each of the six faces of a die has one in six probability on a single toss. Inspired by problems encountered by seventeenth century gamblers, probability theory has developed into one of the most respected and useful branches of mathematics with applications in many different industries. Perhaps what makes probability theory most valuable is that it can be used to determine the expected outcome in any situation from the chances that a plane will crash to the probability that a person will win the lottery.