Livestock

The dromedary, or Arabian one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) is a species native to the deserts of either or both Asia and northern Africa, although today it only occurs in domestication. This species has a single, large, fatty hump on its back, and it can tolerate extremely dry conditions. Dromedaries are used as pack and riding animals, and as sources of meat, milk, and hides.

The bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a species native to central Asia, where some wild herds still roam the desert. The bactrian camel is distinguished by the two, large, fatty humps on its back, and its shaggy pelage. This animal is commonly kept for riding and carrying cargo, and as a source of meat, milk, and leather.

The llamas are closely related to the camels, but they are smaller and do not have humps. Llamas are found in the highland plateaus and pampas of South America. There are two wild species, the guanaco or huanaco (Llama huanacos) and the vicuna (L. vicugna). The domesticated llama is believed to have been derived from the guanaco. These animals are ridden and used as beasts of burden, and they also produce other useful products. A variety known as the alpaca produces an especially fine, highly prized wool.