Organic Halide - Organofluorides, Organochlorides, Chlorofluorocarbons, Organobromides, Organoiodides
atom carbon reactive compound
Organic halides are organic compounds containing a halogen atom bonded to a carbon (C) atom. Fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I) are all types of halogen atoms. A compound that contains a carbon atom bonded to a fluorine atom (C-F) is called an organofluoride. If the carbon atom is part of a chain of carbon atoms, the organofluoride compound is referred to as an alkyl fluoride. If the carbon atom is contained in a benzene or phenyl ring, the organofluoride is called an aryl fluoride. Other halide compounds are named in a similar fashion.
The reactivity of organic halides depends on the halogen atom that is bonded to the carbon atom in the particular compound. Organoiodides are the most reactive and can be converted into many other compounds. Organobromides are less reactive than organoiodides but more reactive than organochlorides. Organofluorides are the least reactive of the organic halides.
Additional Topics
Organofluorides are very stable compounds that are nonflammable, have very limited toxicity, and do not react with other chemicals. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are alkyl fluorides that consist of chains of carbon atoms bonded only to fluorine atoms. In 1966, scientists demonstrated that large amounts of oxygen could be dissolved in PFCs. Two years later, scientists replaced the blood in a laboratory r…
The most chemically reactive of the organic halides are those that contain carbon atoms bonded to iodine atoms. Organoiodides are not used as extensively as organobromides or chlorides because they are expensive. Alkyl iodides react with metals such as lithium (Li) or mercury (Hg) to make useful chemicals in the manufacture of pharmaceutical and organic intermediates. The aryl iodide, thyroxin, is…
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