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Grasshoppers

Grasshoppers And The Environment



Swarming grasshoppers and locusts can be extremely destructive to vegetation. A single swarm of African locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) can contain 50 billion individuals, and consume as much food in one day as the daily food intake of all the people in New York, London, Paris, and Los Angeles combined. Clearly, such immense irruptions are capable of causing tremendous damage to agriculture. Insecticides and the introduction of pathogenic fungi deadly to the insects are methods used to try to control such plagues, but this is not always successful. Sometimes, less conventional methods prove effective. In Thailand, Mexico, parts of Africa, and other countries, grasshoppers are edible delicacies, providing important dietary protein. During a locust plague in Thailand, government authorities encouraged citizens to catch the swarming masses. Domestic and commercial crops were saved from complete destruction and billions of grasshopper bodies were sold to restaurants and market places for seasoning, stir frying, and consumption by many a delighted connoisseur.




Resources

Books

Carde, Ring, and Vincent H. Resh, eds. Encyclopedia of Insects. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 2003.

Chapman, R.F., and A. Joern, eds. Biology of Grasshoppers. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990.

Helfer, Jacques R. How to Know the Grasshoppers and Their Allies. Toronto: Dover Publications, 1987.

Preston-Mafham, Ken. Grasshoppers and Mantids of the World. London: Blandford, 1990.


Marie L. Thompson

KEY TERMS

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Cerci

—A pair of "feelers" at the tip of the abdomen.

Diapause

—A period of delayed development.

Ovipositor

—Egg-laying organ on the tip of a female insect's abdomen.

Palps

—Tiny appendages near the mouth sensitive to touch and chemical detection or taste.

Pheromone

—Hormonal chemical excretion used to attract a mate.

Stridulation

—Chirping, clicking or other audible sounds made by certain insects by rubbing body parts together.

Additional topics

Science EncyclopediaScience & Philosophy: Glucagon to HabitatGrasshoppers - Classification, Distribution, And Habitat, Leaping, Body Temperature, Defense, Courtship And Mating - Size and color