Humans have manipulated plant asexual reproduction through methods like grafting and stem cuttings for more than 2,000 years. The modern era of laboratory cloning began in 1958 when F. C. Steward cloned carrot plants from mature single cells placed in a nutrient culture containing hormones. The first cloning of animal cells took place in 1964 when John B. Gurdon took the nuclei from intestinal cells of toad tadpoles and injected them into unfertilized eggs whose nuclei containing the original parents' genetic information had been destroyed with ultraviolet light. When the eggs were incubated, Gurdon found that 1-2% of the eggs developed into fertile, adult toads.
The first successful cloning of mammals was achieved nearly 20 years later when scientists in both Switzerland and the United States successfully cloned mice using a method similar to Gurdon's approach; but their method required one extra step. After the nuclei were taken from the embryos of one type of mouse, they were transferred into the embryos of another type of mouse who served as a surrogate mother that went
These calves were cloned in Japan from cells found in cow's milk.
In 1997, Scottish scientists cloned a sheep named Dolly, using cells from the mammary glands of an adult sheep and an egg cell from which the nucleus had been removed. This was the first time adult cells, rather than embryonic cells, had been used to clone a mammal. Since then, mice, cattle, goats, and other mammals have been cloned by similar methods. Some of these clones have been genetically altered so that the animals can produce drugs used in human medicine. Scientists are trying to clone organs for human transplant and may soon be able to clone human beings.
In 2001, scientists from Advanced Cell Technology cloned the first endangered animal, a bull gaur (a wild ox from Asia). The newborn died after two days due to infection. Currently, the same group is trying to clone another species of wild cattle, bantengs. In meantime, a group led by P. Loi cloned an endangered mouflon using somatic cells from post-mortem samples.
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7 months ago
lets clone an army.
7 months ago
In reply to Dr. Naresh Selokar, Cloning may be great to produce more endangered animals in order to increase numbers and prevent extinction is great, however, the main issue would be a reduction in genetic diversity in the population, even though the population may be larger. Populations with limited genetic diversity are less stable. Should a disease come through that the original was not resistant to and most, if not all of the population would die out. Protecting animals from extinction is important to preserve diversity as without diversity in species, many ecological systems would collapse. Without a natural balance, we would be unable to survive on the planet. So yes, we do need to increse populations of endangered animals, but maybe cloning isn't the best way.
8 months ago
i think is a good idea because it would be fun if u are cloned!!!
8 months ago
You guys obviously don't much about cloning. First of all- we're not cloning humans so we can have more humans. Also- animal cloning IS NOT EFFICIENT FOR SPECIES REPOPULATION. Not gonna work large-scale. - inefficient - many mutations, don't want to found a species on mutations. We're cloning so we can: •Get transplant organs -Growing organs from stem cells -Healing organs with stem cells --- Making organs that are person-specific so they will be accepted by body. -Modifying animals' genes for transplantation •Cure diseases by -Studying stem cells --- growing embryos to extract stem cells from •Modify animals -Modify genes for therapeutic purposes: -have cattle or poultry produce pharmaceuticals or cancer-fighting proteins. It really stands to benefit us in enormous ways. The controversy shouldn't exist, nor the paranoia. People aren't going to be born and then have legs chopped off. That's not logical or humane.
9 months ago
I think cloning is new root to produce our endanger animal & may protect them from extinction to mentian normal ecology
9 months ago
i have to agree with Cheyenne due to the world is being depleted of its resources and cloning more people would make those matters worse
10 months ago
I dont think that cloning is a bad thing. It should be regulated and have rules like anything else. Im not saying clone another human just for the hell of it. but there are so many things that this could be good for. It could help disease, pain, and suffering for many people. I know you say it's taking a life, or as you say murder. I dont think it's like that. Lets look at abortion for a moment. I know that this is such a touchy subject for so many people. But lets face it, people do it for there own reasons. But this is happening. It's their choice. We could take an unfortunate event and make it into better use. IT could help science and help the people who are already in this world. You are right, over population wouldnt be good. So lets see if this can help us who are already here.I am all for cloning, as long as they dont take it too far, and make some crazy army, or develope a new human species. Im sure the scientists think over all the details before going into something like this. There is so many other types of cloning, that can be helpful to world we are destroying with so many other things. Would you rather them make the new hottest car that will pollute our air and our plants and animals? We are killing our earth...okay, this is way too much, ill stop for now. But there are so many other factors people forget about.
10 months ago
I think it would be awsome to be cloned, i just wish they could make the clones grow as fast as they do in the movies.
about 1 year ago
How would you feel if you were cloned?
about 1 year ago
Cloning is right to a certain extent.I believe it could help the world especially with food such as plants and cattle,but cloning humans?I don't truely believe in that because first off,most cloned animals have failed so I truely don't believe we should even try to experiment on people.
about 1 year ago
macca (i) i love clones because we can have a look at me all the time cause i am a vanity person all day 24/7
about 1 year ago
I am not particulary against cloning. It is cool that it can clone and help the society. But it also kills lots of animals. It is not perfect yet and there are possiblilty its not going to work
about 1 year ago
i think cloning is bad, me and yudia think it is bad to start cloning people or animals and what happens if they go wrong u will have to kill them that is murder like dont do it
about 1 year ago
I am aginst cloning. i'm sorry but it's KINDA creepy if u ask me. I mean it's cool and all and I know you can do it for good purposes and all. but what if something happens or if you use all of the body parts you need. What are you going to do to them. Kill em? that's murder. Whether it's a baby from a tube or not. It's a living being. sorry but i'll have to look down on the idea. I know the Dolly project went good and no problems except that Dolly had to be out down. But what if in the future you finally figure a way to clone a human. but the project goes wrong and it's like mutant or something like that WRONG!!! sorry from a girl who is TTLY sgainst it! Jessie Paden
about 1 year ago
I'm sorry but i believe that cloning is wrong. When something dies yes it is sad but that is the circle of life. if we clone the world will become overpopulated and it will get to several problems such as the following: ~not enough food ~not enough jobs so therefore not making money ~not enough shelter ~and plenty of others.... If we do clone all we will use is the stuff we need. Clones should serve a purpose too just like everyone else on this planet. Sincerely an angry 13 year old girl, Cheyenne Sierra Williams