African Socialisms

Bénot, Yves. Idéologies des indépendances africaines. Paris: Maspero, 1969

Boele van Hensbroek, Pieter. Political Discourses in African Thought: 1860 to the Present. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1999.

Choueri, Youssef M. Arab Nationalism—A History: Nation and State in the Arab World. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000.

Drew, Allison. Discordant Comrades: Identities and Loyalties on the South African Left. Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate, 2000.

Hughes, Arnold. "The Appeal of Marxism to Africans." The Journal of Communist Studies 2, no. 8 (1992): 145-159.

Idahosa, P. L. E. The Populist Dimension to African Political Thought: Critical Essays in Reconstruction and Retrieval. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press, 2004.

Young, Crawford. Ideology and Development in Africa. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.