Pan-Islamism

Choudury, M. A. Reforming the Muslim World. London and New York: Kegan Paul, 1998.

Eickelman, Dale F., and James Piscatori. Muslim Politics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996.

Hourani, Albert. Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798–1939. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Keddie, Nikki R. An Islamic Response to Imperialism: Political and Religious Writings of Sayyid Jamāl ad-Dīn "al-Afghāni." Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968.

Kramer, Martin S. Islam Assembled: The Advent of the Muslim Congresses. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.

Landau, Jacob M. The Politics of Pan-Islam: Ideology and Organization. Oxford: Clarendon, 1994.

Lewis, Bernard. The Emergence of Modern Turkey. 2nd ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1968.

Mandaville, Peter. Transnational Muslim Politics: Reimagining the Umma. London: Routledge, 2001.

Piscatori, James P. Islam in a World of Nation-States. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

Sheikh, Naveed S. The New Politics of Islam: Pan-Islamic Foreign Policy in a World of States. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.