Have you ever wondered how thunderstorms develop? Or how gravity works? From basic concepts to complex scientific theories, the JRank Science & Philosophy website has the answers. We sought out the best information to answer common questions about science and how things work, and compiled it together to create a thorough and comprehensive reference resource for science.

The thousands of pages in this website cover all branches of sciences, including physics, biology, chemistry, computer science, programming, and many others. Throughout the website you'll also find information about concepts like democracy and science in ancient Greece. And, like any good scientific encyclopedia, this website also covers animals, astronomy, plants, chemical elements, historical scientific breakthroughs, scientific and technical equipment, and much more.

Whatever your scientific question, enter a query below and start finding the answers!

New! Be sure to visit Science for Kids - a new online science encyclopedia for learners of all ages but especially designed for students in grades 3 through 8.

Popular Health & Medical Topics

Alcohol Drug Treatment Centers - What You Need to Know About Alcohol Drug Treatment Centers, American Diabetes Assoc - What The American Diabetes Association Can Do To Help You Live With Diabetes, Bipolar In Children - A Brief Guide to Bipolar in Children, Cancer Centers Of America - Cancer Centers of America with a Caring Approach, Cosmetic Surgery Face Lift - Cosmetic Surgery Face Lift More Popular Than Ever, Free Online Diet Plans - Tips for Free Online Diet Plans, Health O Meter Scale - Picking the Right Health O Meter Scale for You, Iqair Air Purifier - Treat Your Lungs with an IQAir Air Purifier…

Phobias

Phobias - Introduction, Phobias - Types of Phobias - Specific Phobias, Social Phobias, Not The Same As Shyness, Agoraphobia, Phobias - What Causes a Phobia - Conditioning By Association, Conditioning By Avoidance, Expressing Unconscious Desires, Trauma, Many More Theories - Learning to Be Afraid, Phobias - Managing Fear and Phobias on Your Own - Self-talk, Visualization, Desensitization, A Word Of Warning, Phobias - When You Need Professional Treatment - Behavioral Therapy, Psychoanalysis, Other Types Of Therapy, Phobias - Conquering Fear and Anxiety in Daily Life - Examine Your Beliefs And Expectations, Let Your Feelings Out, Exercise And Eat Healthfully, Practice Relaxation…

Depression

Depression - Introduction, Depression - What Is Depression - Who Has Depression?, What Does It Feel Like To Be Depressed?, It Can Happen To Anyone, Depression - How Can You Spot Depression - Are You Depressed?, Minor Depression Vs. Major Depression, What To Look For, Depression - What Causes Depression - Before Depression Strikes, How The Body Reacts To Stress, What Causes The Body To Develop Depression?, Depression - Teenage Depression - What Causes Teenage Depression?, What Makes Teenage Depression Different?, Symptoms Of Teenage Depression, Depression - When Depression Is in Your Home - How To Deal With Depression, What Not To Say To A Depressed Person, Be Kind To Yourself - To Guard Against Depression…

Dyslexia

Dyslexia - Introduction, Dyslexia - Caleb - The Trouble Begins, Things Get Worse, A New School, A Big Surprise, Dyslexia - What Is Dyslexia - Who Is Dyslexic?, What Causes Dyslexia?, Myths About Dyslexia, Forms Of Dyslexia, Are You Dyslexic:?, Dyslexia - Coping with Dyslexia - Reading Pictures, Causing Trouble, Treatments For Dyslexia, Multisensory Treatment, Classroom Strategies, When Taking Notes - Memorizing, Using Others, Making Jokes, Dyslexia - Family Matters - Realizing The Problem, Discovering Hidden Talents, Homework, When Studying An Your Own, Developing Self-esteem…

Learning Disabilities

Learning Disabilities - Introduction, Learning Disabilities - What Is a Learning Disability - Trouble With Schoolwork, Learning Disability Doesn't Mean Lazy, A New Term For An Old Problem, Learning Disabilities - Who Has a Learning Disability - An Invisible Disability, Do I Have A Learning Disability?, Identifying Ld, Assessment, Accurate Assessment Matters, Learning Disabilities - After the Assessment - Help!, Program Placement, Feelings Matter In Program Choice, Special Services, What About A Tutor? - Gifted and LD, Learning Disabilities - Coping at School - Tips And Tricks That Work, General Problems At School…

Epilepsy

Epilepsy and Seizures - Introduction - What Is Epilepsy?, What Are Seizures?, Types Of Seizures, Causes Of Epilepsy, Epilepsy and Seizures - A Historical Perspective - Myths and Misconceptions, Epilepsy and Seizures - What is Epilepsy Like - Who Gets Epilepsy?, Epilepsy and Seizures - Diagnosing Epilepsy - Testing for Epilepsy, Epilepsy and Seizures - Treatment - Medication And Side Effects, Other Treatments, Epilepsy and Seizures - Special Concerns for Teenagers - Epilepsy And Driving, Activities And Classes, Epilepsy And Your Family, Concerns About The Future, Epilepsy and Seizures - Prevention and First Aid - Telling Your Friends About Epilepsy, First Aid For Seizures…

Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral Palsy - Cerebral Palsy Introduction - A Definition Of Cerebral Palsy, What This Book Does, Cerebral Palsy - Cerebral Palsy Then and Now - Then: A History, Now: Some New Discoveries, Just What Exactly Is Cerebral Palsy?, Cerebral Palsy - What's Going On with Me - The Early Signs, What Happens Next?, Associated Medical Disorders, Cerebral Palsy - Living with Cerebral Palsy - What Do You Mean, A “treatment Plan”?, Working Together, Dealing With Feelings, When Friends Or Family Members Have Cp, Cerebral Palsy - What Specific Treatments Are Available - Physical Therapy, Speech And Language Therapy, Other Treatments - Behavioral Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Drug Therapy…

Bipolar Disorder and Manic Depressive Illness

Bipolar Disorder and Manic Depressive Illness - Introduction, Bipolar Disorder and Manic Depressive Illness - What Is Bipolar Disorder - Teens And Depression, Manic Depression, Who Gets Bipolar Disorder?, Bipolar Disorder and Manic Depressive Illness - Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder - Depression Vs. Being A “typical” Teenager, Are You Depressed?, Mania, Are You Manic?, Bipolar Disorder and Manic Depressive Illness - What Causes Bipolar Disorder - Biochemical Factors, Environmental Factors, Psychological Factors - Genetic Factors, Bipolar Disorder and Manic Depressive Illness - How to Detect Bipolar Disorder - Problems Diagnosing Teens…

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia - Introduction - What Is Schizophrenia?, How Do You Know If Someone Has Schizophrenia?, Schizophrenia - Diagnosis and Development of Schizophrenia - Schizophrenia Subtypes, Schizoaffective Disorder, How Common Is Schizophrenia?, How Does Schizophrenia Develop?, What Is The Course Of Schizophrenia?, Schizophrenia - What Schizophrenia Is Not - Split Or Multiple Personality Disorder, Street Drug Psychosis, Lifestyle Choice, What Is A Schizophrenic?, Schizophrenia - What Are the Causes of Schizophrenia - Genetics, How Do Genes Cause Schizophrenia?, Environment, Schizophrenia - Medical Treatments for Schizophrenia - Antipsychotics (neuroleptics), New Antipsychotics…

Science & Philosophy: 1,2-dibromoethane to Adrenergic

1,2-dibromoethane, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (catechol), 1,2-propadiene (allene), 1,6-diaminohexane (hexamethylenediamine), 2,2,2-trichloroethanediol (chloral hydrate), 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, 2,4-D, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-chlorobuta-1,3-diene (chloroprene), 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene…

Science & Philosophy: Adrenoceptor (adrenoreceptor; adrenergic receptor) to Ambient

adrenoceptor (adrenoreceptor; adrenergic receptor), adrenocorticotrophic hormone, Edgar Douglas Adrian Baron Biography, ADSL (asymmetric digital subscriber line), adsorbate, adsorbent, adsorption, adsorption indicator (absorption indicator), adsorption isotherm, advanced gas-cooled reactor (AGR), adventitious, aerial (antenna), aerobe, Aerobic, aerobic respiration, Aerodynamics - Skin Friction And Pressure Drag, Airfoil, Supersonic Flight - Basic air flow principles, aerodynamics, aerogel, aerogenerator, aerosol, Aerosols - Sources, Physical Properties, Synthetic Production, Environmental Factors - Classification, Aerosol sniffing…

Science & Philosophy: Ambiguity - Ambiguity to Anticolonialism in Middle East - Ottoman Empire And The Mandate System

Ambiguity - Ambiguity, Probability, Uncertainty, And The Arrow Of Time, The Dynamics Of Ambiguity, Ambiguity As A Permanent Cultural Value, ambiguity, ambiguous middle, fallacy of, AM (amplitude modulation), America - The Indians, The United States, Critical Reflections, Bibliography, American Philosophies - Native American Philosophy, Puritan Thought, Transcendentalism, Pragmatism, African-american Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy, American Standard Code for Information Interchange, U.S. Americanization - American National Identity And Ideologies Of Americanization, Conclusion, Bibliography, American philosophy…

Science & Philosophy: Anticolonialism in Southeast Asia - Categories And Features Of Anticolonialism to Ascorbic acid

Anticolonialism in Southeast Asia - Categories And Features Of Anticolonialism, Colonial Origins Of The Idea, Nationalism And The Idea Of Anticolonialism, anti-communism, Anticonvulsants, anticyclone (high), Antidepressant Drugs - Description, Precautions - Recommended dosage, Side effects, Interactions, antidiuretic hormone (ADH; vasopressin), Antifeminism - Defining Feminism And Antifeminism, Feminism, Antifeminism, And Difference, Nature, Science, Religion, And Antifeminism, antiferromagnetism, antifreeze, antifreeze molecule, antigen, antigorite, Antihelmintics, antihistamine, Antihistamines - Recommended Dosage, Precautions, Side Effects, Interactions - Special conditions…

Science & Philosophy: A-series and B-series to Ballistic Missiles - Categories Of Ballistic Missile

A-series and B-series, Asexual Reproduction - In nature, asexual reproduction, Asia - The Middle East, Central Asia - The Far East, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Asian-American Ideas (Cultural Migration) - The Migration Of Values: Religion And Education, Media And Festivals, Influences On Mainstream Society, as if:, asparagine, aspartic acid, Aspect experiment, aspects, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), ass, Buridan's, Assembly Line - History, Role Of Workers, assertion, Asses, Assimilation - Colonial Period, Responses To Crisis, Bibliography…

Science & Philosophy: Ballistic galvanometer to Big–bang theory

ballistic galvanometer, ballistic pendulum, ballistics, Ballistics - Free-falling Bodies, Projectile Motion Without Air Resistance, Projectile Motion With Air Resistance, ball lightning, Balloon - Balloons and the exploration of the unknown, Balmer series, Banana - Biology Of Bananas, Bananas And People, banana bond, Bandicoots, band spectrum, band theory, bandwidth, bar, Bar Code, barb, Celarent Barbara Biography, Barbarism and Civilization - Friedrich Engels: Barbarism And Civilization, Herodotus And The Barbarians, Toynbee's Rhythm Of History, barber paradox…

Science & Philosophy: Bilateral symmetry to Boolean algebra

bilateral symmetry, bile duct, bile (gall), Bilingualism and Multilingualism - Language Diversity, Language Diversity In Civil Society, Government Policies To Accommodate Language Diversity, Evaluation Of Language Policies, bilirubin, biliverdin, billion, bimetallic strip, bimolecular reaction, bimorph cell, binary, Binary Star - Importance, Visual Binaries, Study Of Orbital Motion, Astrometric Binaries, Spectroscopic Binaries, Eclipsing Binaries - Techniques of observation, binary acid, binary fission, binary notation, binary prefixes, binary stars, binding energy, Binocular, binoculars, binocular vision…

Science & Philosophy: Boolean algebra to Calcium Propionate

Boolean algebra, bootstrapping, boo–hoorah theory, borane (boron hydride), borate, borax-bead test, borax carmine, borax (disodium tetraborate-10-water), borazon, Bordeaux mixture, Borderlands Borders and Global Frontiers - Complications Of A Seemingly Simple Concept, Defining Borders, Borderlands, And Frontiers, Frontier As Membrane, Boric Acid, boric acid, boride, bornite, Born–Haber cycle, Born–Oppenheimer approximation, borohydride ion, boron, boron carbide, boron counter, boron hydride, boron nitride, boron trichloride, borosilicate, Bernard Bosanquet Biography…

Science & Philosophy: Calcium Sulfate to Categorical imperative

Calcium Sulfate, calcium acetylide, calcium bicarbonate, calcium carbide, calcium carbonate, calcium chloride, calcium cyanamide, calcium dicarbide (calcium acetylide; calcium carbide; carbide), calcium fluoride, calcium hydrogencarbonate (calcium bicarbonate), calcium hydroxide (slaked lime), calcium nitrate, calcium octadecanoate (calcium stearate), calcium oxide (quicklime), calcium phosphate(V), calcium stearate, calcium sulphate, Calculation and Computation - Premodern, Early Modern, Non-western, Late Modern Period, Contemporary Period, Bibliography, Calculator - The First Calculators, Early Calculators, Difference Engine, Patents, Electronic Predecessor To Computer, Inside Calculators…

Science & Philosophy: Categorical judgement to Chimaera

categorical judgement, categoricity, categories, category, category mistake, catenary, catenation, Catfish, catharsis, Catheters, cathetometer, cathode, Cathode, Cathode Ray Tube - Envelope Or Container, Electron Gun, Focusing And Deflection Systems, Display Screen, cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO), cathode rays, cathode-ray tube (CRT), cathodic protection, cation, Cation, cationic detergent, cationic dye, cationic resin, catkin, Cats - Senses, Behavior, Evolution And History, Domestic Cats - Species of big cats, cat, Schrödinger's…

Science & Philosophy: Chimaeras to Cluster

Chimaeras, Chimpanzees - Chimpanzee Species And Habitat, Physical Characteristics, Behavior, Parenting, Eating Habits, Communication, Jane Goodall's Observations, china clay, Chinchilla, Chinese Mysticism - China's "mantic Way": Knowledge Through Insight And Technics, Self-cultivation As A Secular Pursuit: C. 400 B.c.e.–1600 C.e., Chinese Thought - The Origin, The Rise Of Rational Thinking, Heaven And Humans, Syncretic Philosophies, Bibliography, Chinese Warlordism - Bibliography, Chinese philosophy, Chinese room…

Science & Philosophy: Cluster compound to Concupiscence

cluster compound, cluster of differentiation, Cnidaria, cnidoblast, CNS, CoA, coacervate, coadaptation, coagulation, coal, Coal - Origins Of Coal, Composition Of Coal, Properties And Reactions, Environmental Problems Associated With The Burning Of Coal, coal gas, coal tar, Coast and Beach - Observing Erosion And Deposition, Emergent Coasts, Submergent Coasts, The Sand Budget, Barrier Islands, Coatis, coaxial cable, cobalamin (vitamin B12), cobalt, cobalt(III) oxide (cobalt sesquioxide), cobalt(II) oxide, cobalt steel…

Science & Philosophy: Condensation to Cosh

condensation, condensation polymerization, condensation pump, condensation reaction, condensed-matter physics, condenser, condenser microphone, Étienne Bonnot de Condillac Biography, conditional probability, conditional response (conditioned reflex), conditionals, Conditioning - Historical Roots, Classical And Operant Conditioning, Comparison, Current Research/future Developments, conditioning, Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas Caritat Condorcet Marquis de Biography, Condors - Return to the wild, conduct:, conductance, conducting polymer, conductiometric titration, conduction, conduction band, conductivity, conductivity water, conductometric titration, conductor…

Science & Philosophy: Cosine to Cyano group

cosine, cosine rule, Cosmic Background Radiation - Fossil radiation, Cosmic Ray - Discovery Of Cosmic Rays, The Nature And Origin Of Cosmic Rays, cosmic censorship, cosmic radiation, cosmic string, cosmid, cosmogony, cosmoid scale, cosmological argument, cosmological constant, cosmological principle, cosmology, cosmology, Cosmology - Evolution Of Cosmological Thought, The Expanding Universe, The Big Bang, Implications Of The Big Bang, Cosmology - Asia - Buddhist Cosmologies, Chinese Cosmologies, Bibliography, Cosmology and Astronomy - Babylonian Cosmology, Greek Cosmology, Interregnum, The Copernican Revolution, The Newtonian Revolution, Twentieth-century Cosmology…

Science & Philosophy: Cyanohydrins to Departments of philosophy:

cyanohydrins, cyanuric acid, cybernetics, Cybernetics, Cycadofilicales (Pteridospermales; seed ferns), Cycadophyta, Cycads - General Characteristics, Life Cycle, Evolution, Cyclamate - Regulatory Controversy, Does Cyclamate Cause Cancer?, cyclamates, cycle, Cycles - The Ancient World, The Early Modern Period, The Twentieth Century, Bibliography, cyclic, cyclic AMP, cyclic phosphorylation (cyclic photophosphorylation), cyclization, cyclo-, cycloalkanes, cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione (benzoquinone; quinone), cyclohexane, cycloid, cyclone, Cyclone and Anticyclone, cyclonite (RDX)…

Science & Philosophy: Dependency - The Intellectual Roots Of Dependency Thinking to Dirac equation

Dependency - The Intellectual Roots Of Dependency Thinking, Radical Dependency Theorists, Reformist Dependency Theory, Critiques Of Dependency, depleted, depletion layer, depolarization, Deposit, deposition, Depression, depression (low; disturbance), depression of freezing point, Depth Perception - Retinal Disparity And Stereopsis, Development Of Depth Perception, Current Research/future Developments - Monocular cues, Binocular cues, Auditory depth cues, depth of field, derivative, Derivative - History And Usefulness, The Basic Concept, A Concrete Example, derived unit, dermal bone, Dermaptera…

Science & Philosophy: Direct Variation to Dysplasia

Direct Variation, direct current (d.c.), direct-current motor, direct dye, direct motion, direct realism:, directrix, dirty hands, disability and morality, disaccharide, discharge, discontinuous function, discontinuous variation (qualitative variation), discourse, discrimination, Discrimination - Bibliography, disease, Disease, disilane, disinfectant, disintegration, disintegration constant, disjunction, dislocation, disodium hydrogenphosphate(V) (disodium orthophosphate), disodium orthophosphate, disodium tetraborate-10-water, D-isomer, disordered solid, dispersal, disperse dye, disperse phase…

Science & Philosophy: Dysprosium to Electrophoresis - Electrophoretic Theory

dysprosium, dystectic mixture, Dystopia - Goals Of Dystopian Fiction, Nineteenth-century Dystopias, Twentieth-century Dystopias, Recent Directions, dystrophic, Dystrophinopathies, e, e (number), Eagles - North American Eagles, Eagles Elsewhere, Eagles And Humans, Ear - Outer ear, Middle ear, Inner ear, ear, eardrum, earliest known philosophical term:, early universe, John Earman Biography, ear ossicles, Earth - Physical Parameters Of Earth, The Formation Of Earth, Beyond The Atmosphere, Life - Earth's surface, Earth's atmosphere and weather…

Science & Philosophy: Electrophoresis (cataphoresis) to Ephemeral

electrophoresis (cataphoresis), electrophorus, electroplating, electropositive, electroscope, Electrostatic Devices, electrostatic field, electrostatic generator, electrostatic precipitation, electrostatics, electrostatic units (e.s.u.), electrostriction, electrovalent bond, electroweak theory, electrum, element, Chemical Element - A Survey Of The Elements, History Of The Elements, Organization Of The Elements, "orphan" Elements, Families of Element - The Search For Patterns Among The Elements, The Main-group Families, The Transition Metals - Hydrogen: The elemental orphan, Other families of elements…

Science & Philosophy: Ephemeris to Evolution - Historical Background

ephemeris, ephemeris time (ET), epicalyx, epicarp, epicentre, epicotyl, Epictetus Biography, Epicureanism - Epicurus On Pleasure, Epicurus On Human Excellence, Epicureans And Stoics Compared, Other Aspects Of Epicureanism, Epicureanism, Epicurean objection, the, Epicurus Biography, epicycle, Epidemic, Epidemiology, epidemiology, epidermis, epidiascope, epididymis, epigamic, epigeal, epiglottis, Epilepsy - Grand Mal Seizures, Petit Mal Seizures, Treatment - Status epilepticus, epilimnion, epimerism, epinephrine, epiphenomenalism, epiphysis, epiphyte, episome, Episomes, epistasis…

Science & Philosophy: Evolution to Ferrocyanide

evolution, evolution, Evolution - Evolution As A Theory Of Species Change, Charles Darwin And Descent With Modification By Means Of Natural Selection, Convergent Evolution, Divergent Evolution, Evidence of Evolution, Parallel Evolution, evolution and philosophy, Rate of Evolutionary Change, Evolutionary Mechanisms, evolutionary epistemology, evolutionary ethics, exa-, China Examination Systems - Power, Politics, And Examinations, Literacy And Social Dimensions, Fields Of Learning, Delegitimation And Decanonization, examination paradox, exbi-, Excavation Methods - Excavation Strategies, Mapping And Recording, Publication Of Findings…

Science & Philosophy: Ferroelectric materials to Form and matter

ferroelectric materials, ferromagnetism, ferrosoferric oxide, ferrous compounds, fertile material, fertility, Fertilization, fertilization (syngamy), fertilization in vitro, fertilizer, Fertilizers, FET, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Alcohol As A Teratogen, A Historical And Research Perspective Of Fas, Diagnosis And Prevention, fetal membranes, Fetishism in Literature and Cultural Studies - Commodity Fetishism, History Of The Fetish, Fetishism In Psychoanalysis, Fetishism In Feminism, Fetishism And Ideology, Fetishism - Overview - Historical And Linguistic Origins, Comparative Religion, Philosophy, And Fetishism, Commodity Fetish, Psychoanalytic Interventions…

Science & Philosophy: Formate to Gastropoda

formate, formic acid, form, logical, form of life, Forms, Platonic, formula, formula, Chemical Formula, Structural Formula - Complete Structural Formulas, Line Formulas, Three Dimensional Formulas - Condensed structural formulas, formula weight, formylation, formyl group, Fortin barometer, forward genetics, Fossa, fossil, Fossil and Fossilization - The Fossil Clock, From Biosphere To Lithosphere, From Field To Laboratory, Interpreting The Fossil Record, Fossil Fuels, fossil fuel, fossil hominid, Michel Foucault Biography, Foucault pendulum, foundationalism, Foundationalism - Two-tier Structure Of Justification, An Objection, Outstanding Challenges, Bibliography…

Science & Philosophy: Gastrula to Glow discharge

gastrula, gas turbine, gate, Gattermann reaction, gauche conformation, gauge boson, gauge theory, gauss, Karl Friedrich Gauss Biography, Gaussian distribution, Gaussian units, Gauss' law, gaussmeter, Gauss' theorem, David Gauthier Biography, gavagai:, Gay Studies - Premodern Traditions Of Same-sex Love In The West, Non-western Traditions, The Medicalized, Industrialized Nation-state, Gay-Lussac's law, gaylussite, Gazelles - Territory And Social Arrangements, Mating And Breeding, Preservation And Adaptation, GCMS, Peter Thomas Geach Biography…

Science & Philosophy: Glucagon to Habitat

glucagon, glucan, glucocorticoid, gluconeogenesis, gluconic acid, glucosamine, glucose (dextrose; grape sugar), glucuronic acid, glucuronide, glueball, gluino, gluon, glutamate, glutamic acid, glutamine, glutathione, gluten, glycan, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GALP), glycerate 3-phosphate, glyceride (acylglycerol), glycerine, Glycerol, glycerol (glycerine; propane-1,2,3,-triol), glycerophospholipid, glycine, glycobiology, glycogen (animal starch), glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, glycol, Glycol - Physical Properties Of Glycols, Industrial Preparation, Uses - Laboratory preparation…

Science & Philosophy: Habit memory: to Heterodont

habit memory:, habituation, Ian Hacking Biography, Hadean, hadron, haecceity, haemagglutination, haematite, haematoxylin, haem (heme), haemocoel, haemocyanin (hemocyanin), haemoglobin, haemolysis, haemophilia, haemopoietic tissue, hafnium, Hagfish, Otto Hahn Biography, hahnium, hair, hair follicle, Judah Halevi Biography, Half-Life, half cell, half-life, half sandwich, half-thickness, half-wave plate, half-wave rectifier, half-width, halide, Organic Halide - Organofluorides, Organochlorides, Chlorofluorocarbons, Organobromides, Organoiodides…

Science & Philosophy: Heterodyne to Hydrazoic acid

heterodyne, heterogametic sex, heterogeneous, heterological and homological, heterolytic fission, heteronomy:, heteropolar bond, heteropoly compound, heteropolymer, heterosis, Heterotroph, heterotrophic nutrition, heterozygous, heuristic, heuristic, Heusler alloys, Antony Hewish Biography, hexacyanoferrate(II) (ferrocyanide), hexacyanoferrate(III) (ferricyanide), hexadecane (cetane), hexadecanoate, hexadecanoic acid, hexagonal close packing, hexagonal crystal, hexahydrate, hexamine (hexamethylene tetramine), hexanedioate (adipate), hexanedioic acid (adipic acid), hexanoate (caproate), hexanoic acid (caproic acid), Hexapoda (Insecta)…

Science & Philosophy: Hydrazones to Incompatibility

hydrazones, hydride, hydriodic acid, hydrobromic acid, Hydrocarbon - Carbon's Chemical Bonding, Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatic Hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons, Hydrocephalus - Two types of hydrocephalus, hydrochloric acid, hydrochloride, hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), Hydrochlorofluorocarbons - Why Hcfcs?, The Good News And The Bad News, The Future Of Hcfcs, hydrocortisone, hydrocyanic acid, hydrodynamics, hydroelectric power, hydrofluoric acid, hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), Hydrofoil, Hydrogen - Hydrogen Is Everywhere, The Element, Discovery And Preparation, Uses Of Hydrogen, Hydrogen Disasters…

Science & Philosophy: Incomplete dominance to Intuitionism

incomplete dominance, incompleteness, incomplete symbol, incongruent counterparts, inconsistent triad, incontinence:, incorrigibility, incubation, incus (anvil), indefinite inflorescence, indefinite integral, indehiscent, indene, independence, logical, independent assortment, indeterminacy, indeterminacy in law, indeterminacy of meaning, indeterminacy of translation:, indeterminism, index fossil (zone fossil), indexicals, Indian philosophy, indicator, Acid-Base Indicator, Indicator Species, indicator species, indifference:, indifference, principle of:, Indigenismo - The 1920s And 1930s, Bibliography, indigenous, indigo, indirect discourse…

Science & Philosophy: Intuitionist logic to Kabbalah

intuitionist logic, inulin, Invar, Invariant - Geometric Invariance, Algebraic Invariance, Invasive Species - Survival Of Exotic Species, Effects Of Invasive Species, Examples Of Invasions, Management, inverse Compton effect, inverse functions, inverse-square law, inversion, inversion, inversion layer, inversion temperature, invertebrate, Invertebrates, inverted spectrum, invisible hand, involucre, involuntary, involuntary muscle (smooth muscle), involute, involution, inwardness, iodic acid, iodic(V) acid, iodic(VII) acid (periodic acid), iodide…

Science & Philosophy: Kabbalah Mysticism - Types Of Kabbalah to Larynx

Kabbalah Mysticism - Types Of Kabbalah, Differences And Overlaps, Impact Of Kabbalah, Bibliography, Shelly Kagan Biography, kainite, Kainozoic, kalinite, kallidin, Kaluza–Klein theory, kame, Kangaroo Rats, Kangaroos and Wallabies - The Difficult Life Of A Newborn Kangaroo, The Great Kangaroos, The Smaller Wallabies, Tree Kangaroos, Immanuel Kant Biography, Kantian ethics, Kantianism, Kantianism - Immanuel Kant, First Response, Neo-kantianism, Kant In The Later Twentieth Century, Bibliography, Kantianism, neo-:, kaolin (china clay), kaon, David B. Kaplan Biography…

Science & Philosophy: Laser - Background And History to Linear equation

Laser - Background And History, How It Works, Stimulated Emission, Oscillation, Solid State Lasers, Gas Lasers - Applications, Laser Surgery - Precautions, Types Of Lasers, Laser Applications, Advantages Of Laser Surgery, Disadvantages Of Laser Surgery - Description, laser cooling, laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation), laser printer, latent heat, latent learning, latent period, lateral inversion (perversion), lateral velocity, laterite, latex, Latin American philosophy, Latitude and Longitude, latitude and longitude, latitudinarianism, lattice, lattice energy…

Science & Philosophy: Linear expansivity to Macrocosm and microcosm

linear expansivity, linear molecule, linear momentum, linear motor, line defect, line-of-sight velocity (radial velocity), line printer, lines of force, line spectrum, Linguistic Turn - Literary Aspects, Textualism, Intellectual History, Bibliography, linguistic acts, linguistic philosophy, linguistics, formal, linguistics, philosophical relevance of, linguistic turn, linkage, linkage map, Linnaean system, Carolus Linnaeus Biography, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, linseed oil, Linz–Donawitz process, lipase, Lipid - Typical Lipids, Lipids And Cell Membranes, Metabolism Of Lipids…

Science & Philosophy: Macrofauna to Mathematics

macrofauna, macromolecular crystal, macromolecule, macronutrient, macrophage, macrophagous, macrophyll, macroscopic, macula, Madhva Biography, mafic, Magellanic clouds, Magic - Magic, Religion, And Science, The Functions And Effects Of Magic In Classic Anthropological Works, Magic Square, magic numbers, Magma, magma, Magnadur, Magnalium, magnesia, magnesite, magnesium, Magnesium, Magnesium Sulfate - Physical And Chemical Properties Of Magnesium Sulfate, Magnesium Sulfate And Medicine, magnesium bicarbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium chloride, magnesium hydrogencarbonate (magnesium bicarbonate), magnesium hydroxide…

Science & Philosophy: Mathematics to Methanal trimer

mathematics, knowledge of, mathematics, philosophy of, problems of, mating, Matriarchy - Nineteenth-century Evolutionary Theory, Twentieth-century Gender And Kinship Studies, Alternatives To Matriarchy: Matrism, Gender Egalitarianism, And Diarchy, Matrix, matrix (pl. matrices), matrix mechanics, matter, Matter, matter, prime:, maturity, Maunder Minimum, maxilla, Maxima and Minima - Applications, maximin and minimax, maximum and minimum thermometer, maximum permissible dose, maxwell, James Clerk Maxwell Biography, Maxwell's Demon, Maxwell's equations…

Science & Philosophy: Methane to Molecular clock

methane, methanide, methanoate (formate), methanogen, methanoic acid (formic acid), methanol (methyl alcohol), methionine, methodic doubt:, method in philosophy:, method, joint, method of agreement, method of concomitant variations, method of difference, method of mixtures, method of residues, methodological holism and individualism, methodology, method, scientific:, methoxy group, Methyl Group, methyl acetate, methyl alcohol, methylamine, methylated spirits, methylation, methylbenzene (toluene), methyl bromide, methyl chloride, methylene, methylene blue, methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate)…

Science & Philosophy: Molecular distillation to My station and its duties:

molecular distillation, molecular flow (Knudsen flow), molecular formula, molecular imprinting, molecularity, molecular marker, molecular orbital, molecular sieve, molecular systematics (biochemical taxonomy), molecular volume, molecular weight, Molecule - History, Formation, Characteristics, Molecular Bonding, molecule, mole fraction, Moles - Desmans, Golden Moles, Luis de Molina Biography, Molisch's test, Mollusca, Mollusks, molybdenum, Molyneux problem, moment of a force, moment of inertia, Momentum, momentum, monadology, Monarch Flycatchers, Monarchy - Religion, Naturalism, Modes Of Virtue, Limited Monarchy?, Bibliography…

Science & Philosophy: Mysticism to Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

mysticism, Mysticism in African Thought - Cosmology And Interaction, Indigenous Religions Compared With Christianity And Islam, Bibliography, Myth - Myth And Science, Myth And Philosophy, Myth And Religion, Myth And Ritual, Myth And Psychology, myth of the given, Myxomycota, myxovirus, N-Body Problem - Newtonian Gravitation, Solving The Problem, Computers To The Rescue?, NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), nadir, Nāgārjuna Biography, Ernest Nagel Biography, Thomas Nagel Biography, naïve realism, names, names, fictional:, names, logically proper:…

Science & Philosophy: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) to Ockham's razor

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), Nicotine, nicotine, nicotinic acid (niacin), nictitating membrane, nidation, nido-structure, nielsbohrium, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche Biography, NIFE cell, Night Vision Enhancement Devices - Image intensification, Nightshade - Edible Species Of Nightshades, Tomato, Potato, Eggplant And Peppers, Medicine, Tobacco, Nihilism - Early History Of The Term, Nihilism In Russia And As A Russian Export, Nietzsche And Nihilism, nihilism, ninhydrin, niobium, nipple, nirvana, Nishida Kitarō Biography, Nishitani Keiji Biography, Nissl granules (Nissl bodies)…

Science & Philosophy: Octadecanoate to Ovenbirds

octadecanoate, octadecanoic acid, octadecenoic acid, octahedral, octahydrate, octane, octane number, octanoic acid (caprylic acid), octavalent, octave, octet, Octet Rule, Octopus, ocular, odd–even nucleus, odd–odd nucleus, Odonata, odontoblast, oersted, Hans Christian Oersted Biography, oesophagus (gullet), oestrogen, oestrous cycle, oestrus (heat), offset, offspring (progeny), ohm, Georg Simon Ohm Biography, Ohm's Law, ohmmeter, Ohm's law, oil, Oil Spills - Characteristics Of Petroleum, Oil Pollution, Ecological Damages Of Oil Spills…

Science & Philosophy: Overdamped to Peat

overdamped, overdetermination and underdetermination, overman:, overpopulation, overpotential, overtones, oviduct, oviparity, Oviparous, ovipositor, ovoviviparity, Ovoviviparous, ovulation, ovule, ovuliferous scale, ovum (egg cell) (pl. ova), G. E. L. Owen Biography, owl of Minerva, Owls - Barn Owls, Typical Owls, Importance Of Owls, oxalate, Oxalic Acid, oxalic acid (ethanedioic acid), oxaloacetic acid, oxbow lake, Oxford Calculators, Oxford philosophy, oxfuel, oxidant, oxidase, oxidation, Oxidation-Reduction Reaction - History, Oxidation Numbers, Corrosion, Biological Processes, Current And Future Uses - Examples of oxidation-reduction reactions…

Science & Philosophy: Pebi- to History of Philosophy - Indifferentism

pebi-, Peccaries, peck order, pecten, pectic substances, pectin, pectoral fins, pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle), pedicel, Pedigree Analysis, pedology, peduncle, pegmatite, Charles Sanders Peirce Biography, pelagic, Pelagius Biography, Pelecypoda, Pelicans - The American pelicans, pellagra, pellicle, Peltier effect, pelvic fins, pelvic girdle (pelvis; hip girdle), pelvis, P (parental generation), pK value, pen drive, pendulum, Penelope's wooers, Penguins - Adaptations For Marine Life, Locomotion, Social Behavior, Nesting, Maintaining Body Temperature…

Science & Philosophy: Philosophy of Mind - Early Ideas to Planck length

Philosophy of Mind - Early Ideas, Descartes's Legacy, Philosophy And Psychology, Identity Theory, Eliminativism, Functionalism, And Anomalous Monism, Philosophy of Mind - Ancient and Medieval - Ancient Greek And Roman Views, Medieval Views, Bibliography, Moral - Africa Philosophy - Morality Based On Religion In African Thought, Morality As Custom, Bibliography, Moral - Ancient Philosophy - Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Hellenistic Theories, Bibliography, Moral - Medieval Philosophy and Renaissance - Christianity And Classical Ethics In The Medieval West, Islam, Judaism, And Classical Ethics, The Renaissance Recovery Of Ancient Moral Philosophy…

Science & Philosophy: Planck mass to Posit

Planck mass, Planck's radiation law, Planck time, Planck units, Plane, plane, Plane Family - Botanical Characteristics, Geographic Distribution, American Sycamore, London Planetree - Oriental planetree, plane-polarized light, Planet, planet, Planet X, Planetary Atmospheres - Origin And Evolution, General Principles, The Terrestrial Planets, Atmospheric Circulation Patterns, The Giant Planets, Planetary Geology, Planetary Nebulae - Primary Mechanism, Collisional Excitation Mechanism, Bowen's Fluorescent Mechanism, Continuous Spectra Mechanism, Planetary Ring Systems - History, Structure Of The Rings…

Science & Philosophy: Positive Number to Propaganda - World War Ii

Positive Number, positive and negative freedom:, positive charge, positive feedback, Positivism - The Nineteenth Century: Comte To Mach, Logical Positivism And The Vienna Circle, Logical Empiricist Themes—and Their Reception, positivism, positivism, legal:, Positivism, Logical:, positron, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) - Description, Risks, positronium, possibility, possible worlds, possible-worlds semantics:, post-analytic philosophy, postcaval vein, The Postcolonial State - From Structural Functionalism To Marxist Structuralism, Interweaving History, Politics, And Culture, Feminist Analyses Of The Postcolonial State…

Science & Philosophy: Propagation to Quantum electrodynamics (QED)

propagation, propanal (propionaldehyde), propane, propanedioic acid (malonic acid), propanoic acid (propionic acid), propanol, propanone (acetone), propenal (acrolein), propene (propylene), propenoate (acrylate), propenoic acid (acrylic acid), propenonitrile (acrylonitrile; vinyl cyanide), propensity, propenyl group (allyl group), proper motion, proper names:, properties, properties, individual, properties, non-natural:, property, Property - The Nature Of Property, Global Variation And Convergence, The Values Of Property, Contemporary Debates, prophage, prophase…

Science & Philosophy: Quantum electronics to Reasoning

quantum electronics, quantum (pl. quanta), quantum entanglement, quantum field theory, quantum flavourdynamics (QFD), quantum gravity, quantum Hall effect, quantum jump, quantum logic, quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics, philosophical problems of, quantum number, quantum optics, quantum simulation, quantum state, quantum statistics, quantum theory, quantum theory and philosophy, quantum theory of radiation, quarantine, quark, quark confinement, Quarks - The Subatomic Zoo, Questions About Quarks, More Particles, More Quarks, quark–gluon plasma, quart, quarter-wave plate…

Science & Philosophy: Reason to Retrovirus

reason, practical:, reasons and causes, reasons, internal and external, Réaumur temperature scale, recalescence, Recent, receptacle, Reception of Asians to the United States - Asian Immigration, Landmarks In Asian-american History, Bibliography, receptor (in biology), recessive, recipient, Reciprocal, reciprocal cross, reciprocal proportions, Recombinant DNA, recombinant DNA, recombination, recombination era, recombination process, recrystallization, Rectangle, rectification, rectified spirit, rectifier, rectum, recurrence:, recursion, definition by, recycling, Recycling - Process, Legislation, Policies, Recycling Collection Programs, Recyclable Materials, Composting, Preparing The Compost…

Science & Philosophy: Revaluation of values: to Sarin Gas - History And Global Production Of Sarin

revaluation of values:, revelation, revenge, reverberation time, reverberatory furnace, reverse genetics, reverse osmosis, reverse transcriptase, reversible process, revisionary metaphysics, Revolution - Classical And Christian Conceptions, The Seventeenth Century, Inventing Revolution: American And French Revolutions, The Revolutionary Idea In The Modern World, revolution, revolutions, scientific, Reye's Syndrome, Reynolds number, RFLP, Rh, Rh Factor - Importance Of The Rh Factor, Rh Factor In Pregnancy, Treatment For Rh Disease, Eliminating Rh Disease, rhachis, rhe, rhenium…

Science & Philosophy: Jean-Paul Sartre Biography to Seminiferous tubules

Jean-Paul Sartre Biography, Satellite, satellite, satellite DNA, satisfaction, satisficing, saturated, saturated expression:, saturation, Saturn - Basic Characteristics, Saturn's Atmosphere, Saturnian Storms, Saturn's Rings, Saturn's Icy Moons, Saturn, Savanna - The Water Economy, The Faunas Of The Savannas, savanna, Savant - Talents Of Savants, Savant Or Genius, Causes Of Savant Syndrome, Sawfish, sawtooth waveform, Saxifrage Family - Species In North America, Ecological And Economic Importance, saying and showing, Scalar…

Science & Philosophy: Semiotics to Smelting

semiotics, semipermeable membrane, semipolar bond, Semtex, Amartya K. Sen Biography, Lucius Annaeus Seneca Biography, senescence, sensation, sense and reference, sense awareness:, sense-data, sense, manifold of:, sense organ, senses, sensibility, sensitivity (irritability), sensitization, sensory cell, sensory neuron, sentences:, sentential calculus, sentential function, sentimentalism:, sentiments, sepal, septivalent (heptavalent), septum, Sequences, Sequencing, sequestration, Sequoia - Biology And Ecology Of Sequoias, Economic Importance, Serbian philosophy, sere…

Science & Philosophy: Adam Smith Biography to Spectroscopic binary

Adam Smith Biography, Smog - Reducing Smog, Oxidizing Smog, smoke, smoker, smooth muscle, smuts, SN1 reaction, SN2 reaction, Snails, Snakeflies, Snakes - Evolution, Snakes And Humans - Appearance and behavior, snakes, Snapdragon Family, Snell's law, SNG, snow is white, SNP, snRNP, Soap - The History Of Soap, What Is Soap?, How Is Soap Made?, How Does Soap Work?, soap, Sociability in African Thought - Bibliography, Social Capital - Bibliography, Social Contract - Modern Formulations, Political Authority Versus Moral Principles, Hobbes And Rawls, Feminist Views, Bibliography…

Science & Philosophy: Spectroscopy to Stoma (pl. stomata)

spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Spectrum - The Spectrum Of Light, The Wave Nature Of Light, The Electromagnetic Spectrum, Emission Spectra, spectrum (pl. spectra), speculum, Speech - Evolution Of Speech, The Physiology Of Speech, The Brain, Speech Impediments, speech-acts:, speed, speed of light, speed of sound, Herbert Spencer Biography, sperm, spermatheca (seminal receptacle), spermatid, spermatogenesis, Spermatophyta, spermatozoid, spermatozoon (sperm), sperm competition, Speusippus Biography, sphalerite (zinc blende), Sphenophyta (Arthrophyta), sphere…

Science & Philosophy: Stomium to Swifts

stomium, Stone and Masonry - Stone Types, Chemical Composition, Construction Rocks, Stone Construction, Bricks, Stoneflies, stop, stop codon, stopping power, storage compound, storage ring, stories and explanation, Storks - American storks, Storm, Storm Surge, George Frederick Stout Biography, s.t.p, straight chain, strain, strain gauge, strain hardening (work hardening), strange attractor, strange matter, strangeness, Strata, stratification, Stratigraphy - Stratigraphic Fundamentals, Applications Of Stratigraphy In Historical Studies, stratigraphy, Stratigraphy (Archeology) - History Of Stratigraphy, How Stratigraphy Is Used, Problems With Stratigraphy…

Science & Philosophy: Swim bladder (air bladder) to Thallium

swim bladder (air bladder), Richard Swinburne Biography, Swordfish, syconus, syllogism, sylvite (sylvine), symbiont, symbiosis, Symbiosis - Various Types Of Symbiosis, Examples Of Natural Symbioses, Symbioses Between Humans And Other Species, Symbiosis And Evolution, symbol:, Chemical Symbol, Symbolic Logic - Symbols, Statements, Conjunctions, Negation, Truth Tables, Disjunctions, Algebra Of Statements, Implication, symbolic logic:, Symbolism - Symbolism In French Literature, Symbolism And Music, Les Vingt And Belgian Symbolism, Russian Symbolism, symbols, logical:, symmetric relation…

Science & Philosophy: Thallophyta to Toxicology

Thallophyta, thallus, Theater and Performance - Performance Studies' Interdisciplinary Genealogy, Performance As Object, Performance As Method, Performance, Performativity, And Theatricality, theca, theism:, Theodicy - Early Modern Theodicy, Progress And Pessimism, Theodicies Of Suffering And Good Fortune, Bibliography, theodicy, theodolite, theology and philosophy, Theophrastus Biography, Theorem - Historical Background, Characteristics Of A Theorem, theorem, theoretical physics, theory, theory, theory-ladenness, theory of everything, theory theory of mind, theosophy, therapeutic half-life…

Science & Philosophy: Toxicology - Toxicology In Practice to Twins

Toxicology - Toxicology In Practice, Common Toxic Materials, Toxicology And The Private Citizen, toxin, Trace Elements, trace element, trace fossil, trachea, tracheid, tracheophyte, tracing (radioactive tracing), Trade - Approaches To The Study Of Trade, The Formalist/substantivist Debate, Trade And The Development Of Civilization, Tradition - Bibliography, tradition, tragedy, Tragedy and Comedy - Greek Origins, The Latin World, Medieval Contributions, The Renaissance, Problems Of Definition, Bibliography, Tragopans, Trains and Railroads - The Steam Locomotive, The First Locomotives, The American Standard, Diesel And Electric Locomotives, Track…

Science & Philosophy: Two-envelope paradox to Venus

two-envelope paradox, tychism:, tympanic cavity, tympanum (tympanic membrane; eardrum), Tyndall effect, type:, type specimen, types, theory of, Typhoid Fever - How Salmonella Typhi Is Spread, Progression And Symptomatology, Treatment, Prevention - Diagnosis, typhoon, Typhus - Characteristics Of Typhus, Epidemic Typhus, Endemic Typhus, Scrub Typhus, Prevention Of Typhus, Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrant Flycatchers - North American species of tyrant flycatchers, tyrosine, Lao Tzŭ Biography, ubiquinone (coenzyme Q), ugliness, Ulcers - Gastric And Duodenal Ulcers, Cause Of Gastric And Duodenal Ulcers, Symptoms Of Gastric And Duodenal Ulcers…

Science & Philosophy: Verbena Family (Verbenaceae) - Tropical Hardwoods In The Verbena Family to Welfarism

Verbena Family (Verbenaceae) - Tropical Hardwoods In The Verbena Family, Ornamental Species, North American Species, verdigris, verifiability:, verificationism, verification principle, verisimilitude, Veritatis Splendor, vermiculite, vermiform appendix, vernalization, vernier, Verstehen, vertebra, vertebral column (backbone; spinal column; spine), vertebrate, Vertebrates, very high frequency (VHF), very low frequency (VLF), Andreas Vesalius Biography, vesicle, vessel, vessel element, vestibular apparatus, vestigial organ, vibrio, vices, vicinal (vic), vicious circle, vicious-circle principle…

Science & Philosophy: Well-being to Jan Łukasiewicz Biography

well-being, well-formed formula, Weltanschauung, West Nile Virus, Western Orthopraxy - Judaism, Christianity, Bibliography, Western blotting (protein blotting), Westernization - Africa - Bibliography, Westernization - Middle East - Bibliography, Westernization - Southeast Asia - Approaching Westernization In Eurasian History, The Structure Of Westernization In Southeast Asian History, Shaping Westernization In Southeast Asian Studies, Weston cell (cadmium cell), wet-and-dry bulb hygrometer, Wetlands - Swamps, Marshes, Shallow Open Water, Fens, Bogs, Wetland Ecology, Losses Of Wetlands - Types of wetlands…